Medically reviewed by Steffini Stalos, DO Key Takeaways CD4 T helper cells help the body fight infections by signaling other cells to attack germs. Without enough CD4 T cells, the body can't fight ...

Researchers led by Yasuhiro Murakawa at the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS) and Kyoto University in Japan and IFOM ETS in Italy have discovered several rare types of helper T cells ...

Researchers have used a new method, ReapTEC, to identify rare types of helper T cells that are associated with immune disorders. The immune system is largely made up of a type of white blood cell ...

Immune cells called B cells make antibodies that fight off invading bacteria, viruses and other foreign substances. During ...

During infections, the immune system needs to distinguish foreign molecules from invading bacteria and viruses from molecules that are made by cells of the body. If it can’t, the immune system can ...

In a person living with HIV, proviruses—strands of HIV DNA—are typically integrated into the T cell genome and become a ...

The illustration depicts how during differentiation cells normally lose their plasticity and ability to acquire new fates.

Advancements in HIV/AIDS research, drug development and clinical practice since the 1980s have made it possible for people living with HIV to lead long, productive lives and keep the virus in check at ...